Autumn is a season of change in the garden, with falling leaves and cooler temperatures signaling the approach of winter.

It's also an excellent time for gardeners to take stock of their landscape and perform essential pruning tasks. Pruning in autumn helps maintain the health and appearance of your plants, encourages new growth, and prepares them for the harsh winter months ahead. Here's a guide on what to prune in autumn.

Deciduous Trees and Shrubs:
Remove dead or diseased branches to prevent the spread of infections.
Prune back overgrown branches to improve the plant's structure and shape.
Trim back any branches that obstruct walkways, driveways, or windows.

Perennials and Herbaceous Plants:
Cut back spent flower stems to encourage new growth and prevent self-seeding.
Trim leggy or overly tall growth to maintain a tidy appearance.

Fruit Trees:
Prune fruit trees to remove dead or damaged branches.
Thin out excess growth to improve air circulation and light penetration.
Shape the tree to encourage better fruit production in the coming year.

Roses:
Deadhead faded blooms to encourage a final burst of flowers before winter.
Prune long, weak, or damaged canes to reduce wind damage and disease susceptibility.

Evergreen Trees and Shrubs:
Lightly prune evergreens to remove any dead or diseased growth.
Avoid heavy pruning, as these plants primarily benefit from spring pruning.

Hedges:
Trim hedges to maintain their shape and size, making sure they are neat and tidy before winter.

Ornamental Grasses:
Cut back ornamental grasses to a few inches above the ground to remove dead foliage and stimulate new growth in the spring.

Remember to use sharp, clean pruning tools and make clean cuts to minimize stress on the plants. After pruning, consider mulching around the base of your plants to protect their roots from freezing temperatures. Pruning in autumn not only enhances the overall aesthetics of your garden but also sets the stage for a healthier and more vibrant garden in the seasons to come.